Gender, income and wealth Essay

Gender is a term that has been used many times to describe the different social roles that men and women play in the society. It is also used to explain the biological difference between a man and a woman. However, gender violence, whether on men or on women varies with different communities. Even up to date, there are some societies that still emphasize on the roles and tasks that only men or women can do. Scientific studies on the social life of humans have shown that we are the ones who create inequality amongst ourselves by defining the roles that we should take and leaving those that we don’t want to others. Gender difference is however important because it gives the rights and privileges to both women and men. But if viewed from a negative perspective, gender inequality can be defied as a world wide problem. Gender is one of the many determinants of what income a person should be given. In some countries, it is easy for men to get well paying jobs over women. This is especially the case in the developing countries; where the level of education does not really matter when it comes to job hunting. The situation gets even worse where the big jobs can only be given to the men because it is believed that they are better at decision making than women. Statistics have proved that 46 percent of all labor consists of women. However, women represent 75 percent of all the laborers with the lowest income or wages, and only 13 percent represent women of the best paid laborers. The gender factor is also seen to take effect at many homes, where many people believe that a husband should be earning more than the wife. Many husbands feel inferior, especially when they are unable to provide for their families and the wives take on the role of the provider. They believe that they should be the heads of the family and should be in charge of the major activities, including making important decisions. The fact that wives should be submissive to their husbands should not be mistaken as a reason to be discriminated. In general we can say that the world is facing major challenges because of gender inequality. (Karuna Jaggar, 2007) It is not so easy to measure the relation of gender to wealth. This is because most of the wealth is common within members of the same house hold, which consists of both a man and a woman. However, it is a fact that men are likely to own more assets than women. Women don’t normally own such investments as bonds, stocks or other financial assets as much as men do. Furthermore, most men have retirement accounts, while most women do not have such accounts, and in addition to that, the pensions of women in most cases are less than those of the men. The gender factor also shows that non married households are not as wealthy as the married households. Also, divorced women contribute more to the labor market as compared to the married women. Married women will feel financially secure because of their husbands, but after they are divorced, their economic condition is affected a lot. The same case applies to widowed women. However, divorce does not have a big effect on the men as it has on the women, because they are always working so their wealth is not affected so much. Women who have never been married own the least wealth of all the house holds. They are said to own only a quarter of the wealth that the non married men own. From the late 1980s, the women initiatives have been helping the women to improve their financial security by advising them to start up small micro enterprises. The reason behind the start of the businesses is because they have very low start up costs, and are hence affordable to the women. Micro enterprises are competent, marketable, and require simple management by the owners. These businesses help women with low wealth and poor incomes to improve their financial status. (Karuna Jaggar, 2007) In general, we can say that gender inequality is a factor that is pulling the efforts to civilization behind and needs to be addressed. References 1) Chang, Mariko, 2007, His and Hers: Explaining the Gender Wealth Gap, retrieved on 1/30/2009 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p109260_index.html 2) Edlund Lena, Kopczuk Wojciech, 2007, Women, wealth and mobility: National bureau of economic research, New York, Cambridge press 3) Karuna Jaggar, 2007, The Race and Gender Wealth Gap, retrieved on 1/30/2009 from http://urbanhabitat.org/node/2815

National Artist Award Controversy Essay

The National Artist Award is one of the prestigious awards given to people who are considered as national artists for their contribution in the different field of arts. It is the highest state of recognition given to Filipino artists. Just recently, this year’s awarding was full of controversies and issues that left the people questioning if the awardees deserved the recognition given. Among the seven awardees of this year’s National Artist are; Manuel Urbano a. . a Manuel Conde for Film and Broadcast, Lazaro Francisco for Literature, Federico Aguilar Alcuz for Visual Arts, Painting, Sculpture and Mixed Media, Cecilla Guidote-Alvarez for Theater, Magno Jose â€Å"Carlo† Caparas for Visual Arts and Film, Francisco Manosa for Architecture , and Jose â€Å"Pitoy† Moreno for Fashion Design. Two of the seven awardees were questioned by the critics and the public namely Cecilla Guidote-Alvarez and Magno Jose â€Å"Carlo† Caparas. The selection of the two awardees was tainted by politics that the critics protested and demanded for further investigation on President Arroyo’s choice. To consider that Cecillia Guidote- Alvares is the executive director of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and administers the award together with the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP). She also heads the NCCA secretariat that receives nominations for the national artists. The recognition given to her was debated and questioned by the critics and her eligibility as well. The guidelines for the nomination process states that NCCA and CCP board members, consultants, officers, and staffs are automatically disqualified from the nomination. On the other hand, the recognition of Magno Jose â€Å"Carlo† Caparas as national artist was also questioned. His nomination was rejected twice by the NCCA panels. He was first proposed as a nominee for literature and was rejected. And again as a nominee for visual arts and was again rejected. His two rejections from the nomination gave doubt to the critics and the public if there has been any foul play. Another reason of the critic’s fury over the choice of the two awardees is they are known to be vocal supporters of the President. The palace remained firm on their decision to the recognition given to the awardees. â€Å"We respect the views of others but we stand by the list and we say it was a product of a thorough process and we stand by the qualifications qualities track record and reputation of those named as National Artists,† quoted by Acting Executive Secretary and Presidential political adviser Gabriel Claudio. It is very depressing to hear such controversies and issues regarding the National Artist awards. What counts most is not the recognition but the credibility of the artist that is chosen. Some would say that it was biased and for political agenda. Some would say that there was a foul play. We all have different views on this issue. We are entitled to express our criticisms and opinions and stand by what we strongly believe. I do not take any sides on this issue. All I can do is express what I think and believe. It is very tiring to hear that all the things that are happening around us are tainted by politics. What we see and what we hear always gives us doubt and we find it hard to believe, for we cannot tell who is telling the truth. Giving recognition to the Filipino artists is a tribute for their contribution to the Filipino arts and culture. What makes it more rewarding is to know that you are not recognized for your achievements; rather you are recognized for what you did and for what you contributed. And that makes it worth the award.

Scams, stealing, theft Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Scams, stealing, theft - Research Paper Example obbery (application of force in order to steal from someone), copyright theft (non-physical theft, of ideas/ thoughts), retailing theft (shoplifting), credit card theft, embezzlement, possession of stolen material, forgery, identity theft, and so on. Stealing is an offense that results in punishments such as fines and jail terms. In the contemporary society, theft is fast becoming the number one global crime with surveys indicating that over a quarter of jailed person in major world nations are serving time in prisons on theft related convictions. This is not to mention the numerous cases that often go unreported or un-noticed by the law. One of the most notorious kinds of theft in the present age is shoplifting. Shoplifting refers to the removal of an item (goods) from a sales shop (shop) without paying for it. There are several questions that continue to trouble mankind concerning the crime of theft. What really triggers a person to steal? Is there a specific age in which one is transformed into a thief? Who is to blame for the alarming increases of theft cases around the world? What can be done to curb the tendency to steal? This essay attempts to answer these questions in a fair, well-informed and well-supported way using expert opinions, experiences and global surveys. As per the results of Jack L. Hayes International’s 26th Annual Retail Theft Survey, approximately 1.2 million dishonest workers and shoplifters were caught in the year 2013 in the United States alone. Equally more surprising is the fact that these apprehensions were done in only the 23 retail companies that were surveyed with more than USD 200 million recovered from these thefts. These figures continue to rise yearly and were noticeably higher than the statistics for the previous year, 2012. With increasing retail thefts, shop owners are facing huge annual loses with the innocent consumer forced to pay higher prices for goods in order to cover the losses from theft. This theft thus results

Play review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Play review - Essay Example The play has two major acts and one captivating finale. The first act involves a 20-year-old woman, Sophie, deeply in love with a man named Sky and happily engaged. However, she does not have the ability to go down the aisle with her father alongside because she does not know her. This leads to her endeavor of finding out her father. The second act involves Sophie in a dilemma as to who her father is after three possible candidates show up all willing to accompany her down the aisle (Craymer 127). The performance was enchanting from the manner in which the actors brought out the plot in a sophisticated yet simple manner to understand. The way in which facial expressions of the actor playing Sophie’s role appeared was rather interesting. This is from the diverse moods that the plot offers with regard to Sophie. There were those times according to the plot when Sophie was happy and exhilarated like spending time with her fiancà © and there are those confused and sad moments where she has no idea what to do having in mind that the wedding is nearing and that she is yet to identify her real father. All these different situations were offered a rather exclusive and comprehensive approach through facial expressions and stage maintenance not only by the main cast but also by the support characters making the play exquisite. However, the manner in which the vocals of the actors were presented was rather unsatisfactory. This is from the fact that the actors did not fully explore their full potential. This is further revealed from the manner in which the cast did not change their vocal cords in relation to the specific scenes that they were acting. Some of the scenes required intonation such as the point where Sophie was angry with the three probable fathers for not being honest enough to let the real one stand out. At this point, the intonation was supposed to be high with rage but the actor taking Sophie’s role appeared

How is Sex education important Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How is Sex education important - Research Paper Example Education related to sex is for mounting youthful proficiencies so that they formulate knowledgeable preferences about their activities, and sense assurance and familiarity about performing on these options. It is extensively established that individuals possess right to be educated about their body and also should be imparted sex education as it is a method that aids them to safeguard and protect self in opposition to mistreatment, utilization, unplanned pregnancies, or from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), HIV and AIDS. Apart from family atmosphere and preaching, school atmosphere also plays an essential role in educating students about sexuality. Some schools educate their students about the subject as they are well equipped and feel it is necessary for the child development, while other schools never like to handle the subject (Kirby, 1999; Ketterman, 2007). According to Wight and Abraham (2000), it is necessary to extend sex education on the basis of theoretical knowledge, but it is difficult to translate research based conclusions drawn regarding imparting sex education into acceptable, replicable and potentially effective classroom lessons require high precision and care to create an awareness in the classroom culture. Sex education is required to develop a healthy approach as well as to afford the budding young minds with a vision and an attitude so that the mistakes that were done in the past could not be repeated. The mistake encompassed the birth of AIDS and STDs; had sex education would have gained magnitude in the past and concern about educating individuals would have been started a few decades earlier, prevailing dreaded diseases could have been prevented (Ketterman, 2007; Bryan, 1996). To culminate this, sex education is gaining prevalence. According to Eyre and Eyre (1999), essentially, children must be educated in an explicit manner about the sex and sexuality and it is always better to start early as soon as the child is three years of a ge, by the time child is eight, awareness generated about many issues is imperative in life. This enables the child to grasp the situations, happenings going around and act accordingly to protect self and peers. Sexuality begins at birth. As soon as the child is born everyone likes to know- "a boy or a girl?" Children are classified by their gender and thus they learn to discriminate between the two sexes quite earlier in their lives (Chrisman, 2002). It is observed that toddlers frequently touch themselves when they are unclothed, as in bath tub or otherwise, as they do not possess modesty. The reaction of parents is important here, as it informs them about the acceptance of their deeds. Reprimand of any kind conveys a worst message rather acknowledgment about their action is necessary. Parents must explain the secrecy and confidentiality of doings (Kids Health). The basic motive of imparting sex education is to diminish the jeopardy and probability of unconstructive incidence due to sexual behaviour or out of curiosity, culminating to accidental pregnancies or victimizing oneself with HIV or STDs. Appropriate knowledge will not only minimize such incidence but also provide positive experience about their sexuality, safeguarding children and young population in an effective manner. Sex education is important as families have their own standards for nudity and privacy. It is directly imparted to

Elementary education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Elementary education - Essay Example The two journals I analyze in this Paper are the American Education History Journal, Volume 31, and the Journal of Research in Character Education, Volume 6. The American Education History Journal, volume 31, was first published in 2004. One of its outspoken positive qualities is that it has several topics which can be viewed in its preview at no cost through the internet. Another positive quality is that it covers a wide range of topic related to elementary education most of which contain comprehensive information about research undertaken in this field (Watras 1). Moreover, its research surveys are not biased to any country thus making it a worldwide journal. However, the journal also has some negative qualities. One of its negative qualities is the inaccessibility of the full view of the journal only that makes the information available from this journal to be limited. Our other journal, the Journal of Research in Character Education, Volume 6, was published in 2008. It has severa l positive qualities, one of them being having the most recent information on current research on elementary education. Moreover, it has very few pages and short topics that are easy to read and comprehend. In addition, its content is not biased to any country and thus scholars regardless of their countries can use it. Furthermore, I can use its information, it contains most current information which is easy to relate with current situations of elementary education profession. However, this journal has very few pages in its preview.

Statutory Interpretation Business Law Assignment Essay

Statutory Interpretation Business Law Assignment - Essay Example Since statutes are presented in written form, it is within the court’s power to translate the written word into the actionable form of law i.e. known as breathing life to the law. However, due to the complexities of language and the imperfect nature of legislation, sometimes the intention or purpose of the law may not be conveniently passed in the wordings of the various Acts. This is where the courts derive their power; ensuring that the intention of Parliament is carried into the law. The power of the court to interpret statutes i.e. statutory interpretation has generated controversy for as long as Parliament has been in existence. This is because of the subjective nature of interpretation which relies heavily on the beliefs and understanding of the presiding judge. Over time, judges have been accused of usurping the role of Parliament and ‘making law’ by giving interpretation to statutes in a manner that suits their version of the law. Lord Denning himself once drew criticism in Magor and St Mellons v Newport Borough Council (1952) HL when he remarked that We do not sit here to pull the language of Parliament to pieces and make nonsense of it. We sit here to find out the intention of Parliament and carry it out and we do this better by filling in the gaps and making sense of the enactment than by opening it up to destructive analysis (pg. 25). While he well intended to maintain Parliament’s supremacy by attempting to interpret acts based on its intention, he went a bit overboard by suggested that the courts could ‘fill in the gaps’ in the law which in itself would be tantamount to making law. On appeal to the House of Lords, Lord Simonds described Denning’s interpretation of the powers of the courts as a â€Å"naked usurpation of the legislative function under the thin guise of interpretation.† The House of Lords instead stated that gaps disclosed in laws can only be remedied through appeals. The extent o f the judicature’s power to interpret law remains blurred which is a major reason judges have often been accused of making law; a role not within their mandate. In Fischer v Bell (1961) and Stock v. Frank Jones (Tipton) Ltd. [1978] 1 WLR 231, the interpretation of the courts of statutes was so distasteful to Parliament that the rulings themselves were overturned through statutes in the same year they were made. This shows that the powers of interpretation are sometimes abused as judges attempt to ‘redefine’ statutes which in their opinion are ambiguous, unfair or unjust. Over the years, several rules of interpretation have come up all in an attempt to guide the courts in the correct usage of their power or in a manner respectful of the separation of powers doctrine. Despite these rules, Twining and Miers (2010) state that over 50 percent of High Court cases and 90 percent of cases before the House of Lords involve aspects of interpretation of the law. Since the c ourt’s interpretation of the law determines how they apply it e.g. in criminal law for purposes of sentencing, the interpretation of the law continues to be a major cause of appeals and a major driving force for litigation. At this juncture, it is necessary to state that the courts may have powers to apply the law; this power is merely incidental to the interpretation that the court makes of the pertinent law. In fact, this power is often

How Poverty Development Works Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How Poverty Development Works - Essay Example Any developer who gets trapped into the basic snare either never did sufficient study and/or never understands how the procedure of development operates and what affects the profit and loss aspects. The ultimate aim of this context is to examine different sectors that entail property development. It also looks at different property development people and their overall duties in the field of development (Stephanie, 2000). The paper also examines the responsibilities of developers and the risks they face in the field of development. Different Development Sectors Property development contains several sectors and fields that have different specific professional developers. The first and foremost development sector or field is the financial sectors. There is no doubt that development needs 100% funding process to accomplish it (Loretta, et al., 2010). The resolving factor is actually tackled by the way the funding process is structured. The funding process contains three main tiers which include high street Banks, Off High street banking and High Net worth Organizations (Friedman, 1999). Another important sector is the planning, which involves the entire process of developing the best structure and procedure to develop a property. This process is vital because it determines the outcome of the development. It is where realistic budgets are developed and followed to the fullest. Another sector is the design and costing which is the overall determination of how the entire structure would look like. The people behind this work are the architects who come up with different beautiful designs (Adler, 2000). The Process The process of development involves a range of observations on and illustrations of, the development procedure. This makes the process to be simple and can be compared to any other industrial production procedure that encompasses the blending of a range of inputs to attain an output or product. In the property development case, the product is modification of the way land is used and/or a new or adjusted building in a process that blends land, finance, labor and materials (Matteo, 2009). Nevertheless, unlike industrial production, property development is complicated thus occurs over a substantial period. The outcome of development is exclusive, either in terms of its location and/or physical characteristics. Besides, no other procedure functions under such steady public attention. The process of development is divided into different categories namely; initiation stage, evaluation stage, acquisition, design and costing, permissions, commitment, implementation and lastly let/manage/dispose stage. Since the process of property development is not essentially a sequential activity, the stages in the process sometimes overlap or repeat (Ley, 2004). List of Developers and their Roles and Responsibilities Developers normally function majorly as either traders or investors. Several small companies have to carry out business through selling the p roperties they develop since they do not have sufficient capital resources to keep their accomplished schemes. Several public quoted development firms well known, as merchant developers prefer to trade developments to take advantage of increasing rents and values (Christopher, 2000). The first group of developers is the trader-developers who main function is to develop properties and sale them since they do

Introduction to Africana Studies Assignment Essay

Introduction to Africana Studies Assignment - Essay Example This could be done through delayed menstrual cycle, breaking tools, feigning illness, slowing down work or breaking tools. This was the common recourse when slave owners provided meager rations, punished too severely or increased workloads (Winant 85). The effectiveness of this method was due to the fact that in as much as it angered the slave masters, there was little they could do to stop them without risking prolonged breaks in production. The second form of resistance is showing defiance. This could involve publicly defying the master by failing to plead for mercy when beaten. A slave would disobey an order or fight back to prevent a beating. Defiance carried the risk of inviting more severe punishment. The third and most desperate form of resistance involves making oneself incapable of working. This could be achieved through self-mutilation. Some slaves would murder their slave masters and mistresses. Others would commit suicide by drowning themselves in rivers or jumping out of windows. The fourth form of resistance is running away. Groups of slaves would came together to plan escapes. They would run away and hide out in swamps and the forest often attacking plantations to save other slaves. Individual slaves would also run away to the North. Most escape attempts were unsuccessful. The American civil war was caused by a complex set of economic, social, political and psychological differences. In the course of the American Revolution and the making of the constitution, differences between northerners and southerners were overtaken by their mutual interest in building a new nation. However, once this was done, those differences started growing with the south seeking to separate from the Union. It took the leaders of a national stature to hold the Union together. The deaths of Daniel Webster and Henry Clay in 1852 left a vacuum that was replaced by sectional spokesmen who were unwilling to compromise. In the 19th century, the South was

Business Law and Social Responsibility Research Paper

Business Law and Social Responsibility - Research Paper Example This is unavoidable and will take place either willingly or in response to external obligations. While staying out of trouble is no longer enough, corporate entities ought to try to execute a globally valuable mission actively. In order to earn trust, they ought to ensure transparency to enhance accountability (Savitz & Weber, 2006, 41-64). They should also ensure facilitation of communication, values, and cooperation. The Responsibility Revolution describes the means by which the American consumer has transformed from the time of the Great Depression until the Great Recession period in 2009. The way in which social responsibility is developing amongst the American people is by considering their spending trends on organic items and green products, which the corporate sector in America is presently exploiting, as they were aware this would draw investment and customer allegiance (Friend, 2009, 81-84). This finding led to rivalry amongst corporate entities trying to get greener than ot hers did. The rivalry, though, is good for the environment as well as their revenue. During his campaigns, President Barrack Obama persistently solicited the notion of green products, social responsibility and the consequences of the evolving attitude of the consumers. The corporate sector, however, refused to embrace this revolution and instead acted defensively. The consumers, activist groups and government regulatory retaliated to this refusal by calling for commitment and responsibility and as a result, corporate entities responded in different ways including setting up of consortiums to run their projects, setting up of individual, ecological, and energy reduction schemes and contribution of at least one percent of their income towards the Global Fund (Desear, 2011). Creating a corporate entity that not only upholds but also exceeds is a move beyond the need to be ‘less bad’ and grips the culture of ‘all good.’ The Responsibility Revolution discloses t he most brilliant ways for corporate entities to fabricate an enhanced future and hold themselves responsible for the outcome. The Six Principles to Help Evolve Responsibility Many corporate entities think they can hide their faults and only depict their achievements in the media. Blog posts, cable news, and even traditional media are filled with examples of the breakdown of this system, with British Petroleum (BP) being merely the most recent and clear example. On the other hand, the Responsibility Revolution outlines corporate entities that dodge ahead of their own bad media, revealing their faults to the press and critics. The result drives corporate entities like Patagonia, Seventh Generation, Timberland and Novo Nordisk to act not only more conscientiously but also neutralizes external pressure against them. In a 2010 article, it was quoted that, â€Å"Most companies understand that pursuing a laudable mission can amount to a land of rich opportunity. But to successfully trave l the road to corporate responsibility, an enterprise must navigate around six daunting landmines†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Huffington Post, 2010).  Ã‚  

The Painted Door Essay Example for Free

The Painted Door Essay â€Å"No man is an island, entire of itself†. This quote from John Donne, states that no person could live there life without cn from people around them. They must live in an environment where they can communicate freely with someone even if it would be just one person; but what would happen to someone who does not receive or give proper communication? In the story, The Painted Door a wife named Ann lives in a deserted country side where communication with other people is hard to come by. Her husband, John, is the only person who she has by her side on a day to day basis, yet he does not put Ann as his first priority due to his obsession with working hard to pay of his debts. Due to this she feels as though she is locked out of society and resorts to secluding her own personal feelings from anyone around her. Even though she is unable to find the love that she once had for John she is able to see that Steven is able to provide her with the many necessities that John is unable to give her. Throughout the story, Ann struggles to find the love she once had for John causing her to break her bonds with him. She begins to break her bonds through lack of attention, Seclusion of personal feelings as well as finding new love in Steven. Throughout the story Ann always talks bout how she is unable to receive the attention she desires and is simply not cared for by John. Due to her lack of social interaction within the environment she lives in she tries to seek attention from anyone. When talking to John just before he leaves for his fathers farm, Ann begs him to stay and keep her company yet he refuses to do so. â€Å"It isnt right to leave me here alone. Surely Im as important as important as your father[John] But there is nothing to be afraid of even if it does start to storm. You wont need to go near the stable.Ill be back at the latest by seven or eight†,(Ross,288). Despite Anns plea for John to stay, she is completely ignored and all of Johns attention is focused on his father. Instead of trying to comfort her he tries to change  Anns mind by telling her that she will be alright even if the storm hits and that she does not even have to go outside and do any work. This shows how John does not take into consideration how scared Ann might be during the storm . Instead he puts the job of taking care of the farm into far greater priority evidently showing how Ann receives little to no attention at all from John. As a result of this Ann get put aside so that John can take care of his father. Later on in the story, as John is getting ready to leave he tells Ann how committed he is to get to his fathers house and brings up the past where he claims that he never missed helping his father every time he needed it. â€Å"You ought to know by now I wouldnt stay behindno matter how it stormed. Twice a week before we were married I never missed and there were bad blizzards that winter to,†(289). John has made it clear that he doesnt intend on staying. He shows Ann how committed he was to visit his father whenever he could even before he was married to her. His commitment to his father is far more important to him than staying at home to keep Ann company. Now Ann is certain that Johns care for her is very little in comparison to his father. Due to Anns lack of attention from John, Ann begins to break her bonds with John. Ann believes that no one is truly there to give her the attention that she desires. John has set his eyes on helping his dad and refuses to stay no matter how much Ann begs of him. Due to this Ann tries to do the same and starts to seclude her own personal feelings from him in hopes of trying to get him to show the least bit of care for her. She does this by sarcastically telling him how all her needs have been met just as he is heading for the door. â€Å"Yes – of course – I heard youPlenty to eat – plenty of wood to keep me warm – what more could a woman ask for?†,(288). Instead of directly telling him how she feels about him leaving, Ann makes this sarcastic comment in hopes of attaining some kind of sympathy from John however John responds trying to defend his father.â€Å"But hes an old man – living there all alone. What is it, Ann, youre not like yourself this morning†,(288). Instead of getting John to care of her she causes a bit of tension between the two of them. She does the exact opposite of what she intended to do and begins to put distance between herself and John. When John finally leaves to go and help his father Ann begins to talk to herself  showing how she truly feels about John. â€Å"Thats all I need – someone to talk to. John never talks. Hes stronger – he doesnt understand†,(295). Ann begins to tell herself that all she needs is someone to talk to. Ann knows that John doesn’t need attention from anyone because â€Å"hes stronger† but Ann knows that she isnt â€Å"strong† like John is. Instead of addressing these problems directly with John she keeps these thoughts to herself. By doing this she is unable to tell John how she wishes to be treated allowing more room for John to ignore her true feelings. Through this Ann breaks her bond with John due to the shadowing of her personal feelings. Although Ann hides her personal feelings from John she is not afraid to show her true colors as soon as Steven comes over. Steven is viewed by Ann as someone who can fill the gaps that John could not. He is someone who cares for her and is willing to give her the attention she wants in order to make her happy. Later on in the story Ann begins thinking to herself how Steven may not come to visit Ann. She makes herself believe that Steven would not come because he knows that John would come home to comfort his own wife in this gruesome storm. â€Å"It would be only natural for him to think that when the storm rose John had turned again for home. Another man would- would have put his wife first†,(295). However despite the treacherous storm raging outside, Steven comes to aid Ann in her time of need. Ann is is truly captivated by Stevens determination and begins to find comfort in Steven. â€Å"At the assurance of his touch and voice the fear that had been gripping her gave way t o an hysteria of relief. Scarcely aware of herself she seized his arm and sobbed against it†,(297). Ann is so overjoyed by Stevens arrival that she begins to cry in Stevens arm. She is relieved of all the loneliness the storm had caused her and is able to find comfort in Steven, something she could never truly find in John. As Steven proceeds to do his chores Ann begins to analyze Steven more carefully. She begins to compare John and Steven in her mind. â€Å"Swiftly she was making comparisons again; his face so different to Johns, so handsome and young and clean-shaven. Swiftly, helplessly feeling imperceptible and relentless ascendancy that therby he was gaining over her, sensing sudden menace in this new, more vital life, even as she felt drawn towards it†,(Ross,298). Ann starts to accept now that she has fallen for Steven she is drawn towards this â€Å"new,  more vital life† even if she feels that it puts her and Johns relationship in danger. By making these â€Å"swift† comparisons she is quickly able to see how much greater Steven is in comparison to J ohn. Steven is able to pick up where John is unable to finish. He is able to provide to Ann the care she needs and so much more. Due to Ann immediate attraction to Steven she begins to break her bonds as she is drawn into this â€Å"new, more vital life† where she wishes to stay forever. Ann was unable to find the love and care that she had been searching for in John. She had been given no attention despite the fact that she had needed so much of it from John. She found that John had not given much of a care to her feelings and therefore had begun to hide her own feelings from John. Although John was still not able to provide Ann with the basic love and care she needed from her husband she was able to find this love and care through Steven who provided her with exactly that and much more. Through these series of events, Anns bonds with John are broken as she approaches a new life that will provide her with the necessities she had been lacking in the previous one. She no longer has to seclude her personal feelings and she can now look forward to a new spring in which everything will blossom a new. She now does not have to worry about the lack of attention she will receive from John and no longer has to worry about John making it home in time. Now she can sit with Stev en and enter into the new vital life that awaits

Ansoffs Matrix - Planning fo Growth Essay Example for Free

Ansoffs Matrix Planning fo Growth Essay This well known marketing tool was first published in the Harvard Business Review (1957) in an article called Strategies for Diversification. It is used by marketers who have objectives for growth. Ansoffs matrix offers strategic choices to achieve the objectives. There are four main categories for selection. Ansoffs Product/Market Matrix Market Penetration Here we market our existing products to our existing customers. This means increasing our revenue by, for example, promoting the product, repositioning the brand, and so on. However, the product is not altered and we do not seek any new customers. Market Development Here we market our existing product range in a new market. This means that the product remains the same, but it is marketed to a new audience. Exporting the product, or marketing it in a new region, are examples of market development. Product Development This is a new product to be marketed to our existing customers. Here we develop and innovate new product offerings to replace existing ones. Such products are then marketed to our existing customers. This often happens with the auto markets where existing models are updated or replaced and then marketed to existing customers. Diversification This is where we market completely new products to new customers. There are two types of diversification, namely related and unrelated diversification. Related diversification means that we remain in a market or industry with which we are familiar. For example, a soup manufacturer diversifies into cake manufacture (i.e. the food industry). Unrelated diversification is where we have no previous industry nor market experience. For example a soup manufacturer invests in the rail business. Ansoffs matrix is one of the most well know frameworks for deciding upon strategies for growth.

The Nature And Purpose Of Business Research

The Nature And Purpose Of Business Research Abstract: The paper seeks to demonstrate the importance of business research for the organizations in terms of marketing and collection of data. Various concepts of business research and its requirements have been thoroughly discussed in this paper. This research papers further explores the different methods and techniques for writing the business research. The classification of data and the limitations and reliability of each class has also been discussed. Finally, the other methods of data collection such as questionnaires, interviews and surveys are discussed to elaborate the concept of data collection. The paper, thus, seeks to identify the various ways of collecting data to carry out a business research in an effective and efficient manner. Introduction: A thorough, complete and well-organized research is the only tool for different organizations to get the overview of their targeted audience. Particularly in business related research, there are various research modules that are carried out in order to understand the marketing trends and patterns. For instance, what are the current needs and wants of the customers and clients in the market and how can the organization meet those needs in an easily accessible manner, the best prices for customers needs, how can you compete efficiently with your competitors and with whom you have to keep well collaborative terms (Bryman and Bell, 2007, p.33). Therefore, there are different research methods depending on the requirements of an individual organization: Planning a Research: The basic step in order to plan a research related to any purpose of any organization depends heavily on what are the requirements of that organization. Thus, you must know your primary objectives that would help you collect the relevant data and information and makes you design a well-organized and precisely targeted research plan. These objectives may include, a current frequent complaint by customers regarding a particular product or service, need to improve a particular service for customers, need to get a high amount of loan from a bank or a fund provider, and the like (Sumner, 2005). Thus, deciding your objectives at first will not only improve the efficiency of your research, but also save you lots of time that you might have spent researching random objectives. Here are the top ten factors that should be kept in mind in order to bring out the best possible plan for any research: You should be precise about the sole objective of the research. You should know before planning research that what goals you want to achieve, what objectives are there that you want to pursue through this research. The clearer you are in your approach, the better results you will most likely get. What will be the information regarding a particular product or service that will make you take the correct decision. For instance, the weakness and strength of a product or service, the failure of a particular product, etc. The audience of the research is another critical factor for carrying out any kind of research. You should be aware of what audience you are going to target for a particular research. The audience may include customers, employees, shareholders, fund provider, bankers, etc. The source of information is also a very crucial part of any research. The research that will provide you information can depend on your objects as it may have consumers, employees, managers, etc. You should also know the deadline for a particular research. As a deadline helps keep the research precise to a particular time only. You should also be aware about the sources that would collect the data and information from different audience. How much can you afford to conduct a research? How much time you are ready to spend in conducting the research? Last but certainly not the least, what will be the methods of collecting information or conducting the research itself. These methods may include, interviews, observation of the targeted audience, case studies, listening, surveys, and the like. Nature and purpose of business research: No hard and fast rules can be described in order to express the purpose of a business research. The reason is simple; each business research depends on the situation and the person or organization that is carrying out the research. However, only one thing is sure that the general purpose of any business research is to get success in the future. It is an undeniable fact that every individual or organization enters the market hoping to gain massive profits. Thus, the primary objective of any business research can be explained as an attempt to improve the sales and income ratio of the company (Hair et al, 2011, p. 82). In addition, it helps the government agencies in obtaining a sort of financial support (Gravetter and Forzano, 2008, p.495). Therefore, conducting a business research will let you understand the trend of the market and what are the needs of the markets and if you would be able to respond to those needs in an efficient manner. You will have to sell only such products or services that the market requires; otherwise, you will have no sale at all. As it is the first rule of entering any market along with your business that never enter a market without knowing each and everything about it. Hence, you should make sure that everything is planned out for even worse of the scenarios. However, if you have done a thorough research, then you can have massive gain in profit in near future. Methods of writing a research proposal: There are various types of research proposal depending on the needs of the research and its purpose. Writing a research proposal for a business is one of those proposals that require a great deal of skills in order to achieve the desired results. The exact research proposal of each organization is different according to its needs and objectives. However, the basic outline can stay the same for almost all the business research proposals (Gravetter and Forzano, 2008, p.495). Title The title of a business research proposal should be attractive enough to catch the attention of the readers in instance of a second and make them curious. However, it should be short and concise, but informative to give an overview picture of the research. Abstract Different sections of the research proposal should be summarized in 3-4 sentences that should relate to the general objective of the research. The key points and facts and figures of a research should be the part of this section. Introduction The introductory part of a research proposal is another important aspect of the proposal. It should state the research purpose in the business context. However, there are two important theses in the introduction. The opening thesis should state the problem properly for which the research is being conducted and expected to be resolved through the research. Meanwhile, the thesis statement should state the expected outcome and the measures that get decided as a result of the research. Features of literature review The literature review of a research proposal is the heart and soul of the research. The feature of literature review is that it justifies and gives arguments to conduct research in the future and shows the already possessed knowledge by the writer ((Bryman and Bell, 2007, p.94). Thus, the core purpose of literature review is that the writer of the research proposal have carried out an extensive research and grasped a large area of the knowledge regarding the research and that the writer is well-aware of the problems and have learned the new theories and patterns. On the other hand, literature review should be strong enough to show a massive gap between the theory or business practice. Methods This section of the research proposal should provide a thorough outline of the activities and methods that the writer have planned to carry out during the research. If the writer of the research wants to achieve success in a research proposal, the methods should be discussed and analyzed that can be used to collect data, information, facts and figures from different source. The top three primary activities for conducting a research are to do surveys, have face-to-face interviews and have focused groups. On the other hand, the sources for secondary activities may be market reports, financial and legal documents, executive publication, etc. Nevertheless, the focus on this section should be on the time to complete any particular activity, materials, script for interviews, etc. All in all, the more thorough and descriptive the data are, the better will be the research proposal. Conclusion The conclusion of a research proposal should state a brief review of all the aspects of the research including the problems, the activities going to be used to counter them and the methods that will benefit a business in theory and in practice (McNabb, 2010, p. 126). Planning a literature search It is always a tricky task to plan a literature search to grasp the relevant, adequate and up-to-date literature. Making sure this thing will actually help you compare your current literature search with the ones that has been conducted in the past. It can really be a time-consuming task for any student. However, if you plan well ahead, then the chance of wrapping it up quickly increases (Hart, 2001). Meanwhile, the best way to bring out everything out of your mind is to use the brainstorming technique. Thus, start your research without concentrating on a single objective and does the literature search from a broader aspect. You can then plan your strategy for the search and then reexamine it with friends or your tutor. Further, you should keep the following information with you, when you are going to discuss with your tutor: The parameters of the literature search should be well explained in an organized manner. The collected databases and the number of different search engines you used to carry out the search. The keywords that you targeted along with the terms or phrases you used for searching purpose. What are the criteria that you have used in search of your literature and the basis on which you collected different data and information? Different approaches to research There are different approaches to conduct a research related to any aspects of life. Few of the most important and crucial approaches to conduct a research are explained below: Primary Research: Primary research is the most widely used approach to conduct a research. It includes the construction and conduction of different surveys, interviews, questioners, etc. to the top-notch people of media and different industries having a diary of log of data. For instance, this research may be about observing what women or men have been doing on television for a whole week. Therefore, the research can be extensive, complex and difficult to conduct. Hence, it requires a much more committed and dedicated efforts to conduct the research. However, if your research is an extensive and thorough project or assignment, then these kinds of researches can be the best available option in terms of choosing a method to conduct a research (Norris and Ortega, 2006). Secondary Print and Multimedia Sources: This method of conducting a research is less complicated and easy to carry out. It deals with the collection of data and information from print media like newspapers, books. Printed statistics issued by different organizations, etc. and from multimedia like radio, television, etc. Hence, these sources can provide a very firm base for statistics, remarks, interviews, collected research details and so many of the other valuable information. Since, most of the part of the research in this approach is collected by these resources and hence makes the job fairly easy enough to just organize the information and present it in a professional manner. Secondary Online Sources: This kind of method of conducting a research can be a tricky one. Most of the people can do a thorough research online, but they will have to compare the information and the source of information as well. Since, most people believe whatever they see online, but it is not entirely true. A website stating a fact or figure does not mean it is true, as there are millions of fake websites roaming around online. Thus, only the official websites can provide the real fact and figures about different surveys and researches conducted at an official level. However, it can be difficult for people to differentiate between a fake and an official website, but the doubt can be put to rest by watching the URL. If a website ends up with an extension like .edu, .ac, .org, etc. then the website is of an official level. Meanwhile, any regular website or blog cannot be termed as an official until or unless confirmed by contacting them. However, these sources provide a good base for the data collection and it is relatively easier to collect the data through these sources (Kotler and Armstrong, 2008). Comparison: After collecting different data and information from different sources, you need to compare and analyze them. One cannot simply rely on something that he found on television, book or anywhere before getting any further information via different sources. Thus, comparison and analysis of the already collected information is an important part to conduct an efficient research. Therefore, we can conclude that the collection and evaluation of the secondary that is the first pre requisite for the collection of the primary data (Malhotra, 2008). Definition of Secondary Data: Secondary data is a form of data that is readily available from the internal and external sources of the organization. Due to the frequent availability of this data within or from outside the organization, this form of data is much cheaper to obtain as compared to the primary data which may involve a lot of resources for the collection of data (Saunders, 2003). Sources of Secondary Data: There are two main sources for the collection of secondary data which are discussed below: Internal Sources: The Internal sources may include the internal experts, the reports that have been put forward by the organizations and also the internal conditions of the organization. All these things greatly facilitate the researcher to carry on his research after having an overview of the internal factors and internal knowledge of the organization (Winer, 2007). External Sources: The external sources reside outside the organization and the collection of data from the external sources is much more difficult as compared to the internal sources. This is due to the fact that data is huge and is spread on a wider scale. Thus its not an easy task to select some particular sources that may be helpful for the completion of the research. The external sources may well include government and non government publications along with the syndicate services like survey and mail delivery panel (Winer, 2007). Advantages of Secondary data There are quite a few advantages that have been associated with the collection of the secondary data. As previously mentioned, it is not only economical but also save a lot of effort and time. It give the researcher a complete overview of his research and after the collection of the secondary data the user is well aware of the deficiencies in data that are still there which can be overcome with the help of primary sources. This data mainly concentrates on providing a way to the researcher to understand the problem statement in a more efficient and comprehensive way (Saunders, 2003). Limitations of Secondary Research Apart from the above mentioned disadvantages, there are some limitations of secondary data as well which are associated with the secondary researches that also need to be kept in mind. When going for the secondary data, the accuracy issue might be a substantial one. It is not really assured that the data obtained from the secondary research is of accurate nature. Thus one cannot go blindly on the results obtained from the secondary research. These results can be important but surely not the final one. It is also an issue that data from secondary research may be outdated due to the fact that the secondary data is generally obtained from the employees within or outside the organization. Thus there is a chance that the information can be obsolete. Keeping this in view, it is strongly recommended that secondary research should be carried out; however the results cannot be deduced by seeing the results of this research alone. The final results should be the combined effect of the secondar y as well as the primary research (Saunders, 2003). Evaluating the Secondary Data While evaluating the secondary data, there are some essential requirements that need to be satisfied before going for that particular secondary data. These are: Availability: It has to been seen that whether that secondary data for which one is going is easily accessible or not. Relevance: The data which one is going to use should meet the requirements of the research to be carried out. The concepts should be same as that of the proposed research and also the units used are not outdated. Accuracy: This is an important factor which should be considered before going for the secondary data. For finding the accuracy of the data the user can determine the margin of error, the dependability of that particular source and finally the authenticity of that data. If all these three conditions are satisfied then the data can be termed as accurate enough to be used for the research. Sufficiency: Finally there is a sufficiency factor. The data that is available should be sufficient enough to cover all the desired topics Sampling of Primary Data: The data which is never taken before and is collected by the researchers on the first hand is known as primary data. The data which is obtained as a result of primary research may be huge and needs to be filter out in order to make it more rational for the research. This process of filtering out is known as the sampling of the primary data. In the sampling process, one makes sure that which group will provide the best information. Obviously there are a lot of groups; thus sampling is important in the collection of the primary data (Hodges and Videto, 2010, p-98). There are a large number of benefits that are associated with the process of sampling of the data. First of all accuracy is one of the main benefit that can be assured after the sampling of the primary data. One can also increase the scope of the data by this strategy. When sampling is being done, the researcher is supposed to question specific group of people as stated by the aims and objectives of the research. In this scenario, gathering the data from limited number of groups will provide a way to the user to better concentrate on his required objectives. Using of samples may also decrease the errors in the collected data as the researcher is now only focused towards specific community as a result of sampling. Thus the margin of error will be minimized in the process of sampling (Hodges and Videto, 2010, p-98). The sampling frame is an important term in this regard which includes the list of all those people from which the sample is going to be taken. It is better to make a new list for the research as the already existing list which may include schools student lists, call center lists etc might be outdated and hence cant be used. The researcher needs to update the previously made list and add the new list of peoples to form a complete sampling frame (Hodges and Videto, 2010, p-98). Data Collection by Observation In the last couple of centuries, the collection of the data by observation is of particular interest especially in the collection of scientific data. The world of science is doing their research majorly on the basis of the observation of the scientists. Thus most of the scientists collect the relevant data on the basis of observation. However in the present age, the most of the research is being done in the field of sociological sciences in which majority of the research is based on the other data collection methods. Data Collection by Interviews: Data collection with the help of interviews is an important strategy that is being used by most of the researchers. Interview is an effective mean of data collection which is well suited for assessing the behavioral characteristics. The interviews are of flexible nature and can be taken in variety of different scenarios. It is the only way that enables the researcher to have direct conversation. After having an interview the researcher comes in a better position to know more about the problems, challenges and the limitations of that particular organization. This will obviously assist him in carrying out the research in a better way (Brown, 2006, p.162). Semi-structured and in depth Interviews Semi-structured interview is a type of interview that is carried out by using an interview guide. The guide contains the questions that need to be discussed during the interview in order to have maximum benefit from the interview. This is actually a kind of pre-planned interview which is meant for short time. The interview is often considered to somehow superior than the survey due to the fact that the answerer is not restricted anymore to limit his answer whereas in case of survey there are specific options to choose from. Thus an interview gives a sense of freedom to a person to express his/her views in a more convincing way (Geerlings, J. n.d., p.28). Collecting Data by Questionnaires Data collection by questionnaires along with interviews is probably the most commonly used method for the data collection. The questionnaire is basically a set of different questions that is put forward by the researcher in order to gain maximum information about the subject. Some basic types of questionnaires that are being used are Postal questionnaires, Online, Face to face and also telephonic questionnaires. While carrying out the research it is important for the researcher to be aware of the fact that whether the questionnaire is the right mean for the collection of data or not. Questionnaires are usually appropriate for those scenarios where data required is relatively simple, quantitative in nature and required from large number of people (Gratton and Jones, 2010). Questionnaire design A questionnaire is an organized technique that is used to conduct research by collecting the primary data in a survey. Questionnaire can be of any form, i.e. verbal or written. However, the basic goal of designing a Questionnaire is to encourage the respondent to provide accurate and complete information (Brace, 2008). Although questionnaire is the primary tool for collecting data, but there are other components as well that make a research complete and accurate. These components may include, developing a reward system for the respondents, communication methods, field-work, and the like. Basic steps for designing a Questionnaire: The process of designing a questionnaire is a step by step method which should be carried out with a great care (Stevens, 2006, p. 139). No matter which research you are pursuing, but a well-organized and professionally design questionnaire should possess the following guidelines: The first and foremost thing that should be kept in mind before designing a questionnaire is that you should determine the actual information you are looking for and put that in front of you all the time to keep the track in check. The more target information you try to seek, the better will be the outcome of the whole questionnaire. You should determine which form of answers you will provide as an option in a questionnaire to the respondents. The sequence of the questions should make sense and form a fluent flow to keep the respondent interested in the questionnaire. General question material should be put aside and determined to obtain the desired information. One of the most important steps is to determine what kind of question structure and methods of administrating a questionnaire should be used. You should be collecting a set of questions that can bring out more and more information from a respondent without making them bored. Meanwhile, the medium of administrating a questionnaire is a crucial step as well. For instance, a long questionnaire over a telephone call will not give you any proper information, but annoy the respondent. Qualitative data and its reliability Reliability is one of the major characteristics for determining the quality of the data collected and observed. The idea is used in almost all kinds of research. Therefore, a good qualitative data can give a huge boost to the quality of the research. Similarly, a less reliable qualitative data will blur the real picture of the situation and can become immensely confusing. However, the different between the qualitative and the quantitative research that makes the concept of reliability irrelevant in the qualitative research (Silverman, 2006). Meanwhile, there were three questions by Patton (2001) for the credibility of the qualitative research; here are those questions that were raised against the reliability of the qualitative data: What assumptions are taken? What approach and strategy was used to keep the validity, accuracy and integrity of the findings in check? What experience and qualification does the researcher possess that could help the course of the survey? Presenting and analysing data Presenting and analyzing the collected data is the most crucial part of any research (Israel, 2008). Even if the data you collected is reliable and has a good credibility, but the analysis goes wrong, then the whole research will become of no use. Therefore, the data should be organized and the analysis should be made in a decent sequence. First, before you start the analyzing questionnaires, interviews, statistics, etc. you should review the basic reason behind carrying out the whole research itself. For instance, if the reason behind conducting research for you is to improve a particular product or service, then the analysis should be made accordingly, i.e. the strong points, weak points and the suggestions to improve the product or service. On the other hand, if the basic reason behind the survey is to analyze the mechanism of your program, then the customers, clients, employees, etc. should go through your program. Basic analysis presentation of data of Quantitative Information The basic analysis and presentation of Quantitative Information can be performed by the following guidelines: First of all, backup of information collected is a must. Make copies of the data and use the copied version of the data in order to make changes, edit or improve the data. Giving answers in range looks a more sophisticated way to present the data. For example, 10 of the 50 people were ranked on the 1st place. Calculating a mean or average of the data collected is a much more organized manner to show ratings and rankings. An average of 30.7 seems much more professional then quoting the exact figures four, five times. It is important to use tabular form to present the data in terms of ratings and rankings. However, a yes or a no answer should be placed next to each question. Basic analysis presentation of data of Qualitative Information The basic analysis and presentation of Qualitative Information can be performed by the following guidelines: Re-read the complete data and review if there are any mistakes. Strong point, weakness and suggestion should all be labeled accordingly to make it presentable. Once the qualitative data is collected, the next step is a very critical one that is to analyze the data. You should keep a close eye on the data and analyze it thoroughly to form different patterns, trends, similarity, association or any kind of relationships between the two terms. For instance, people of age 30 or less liked music more than the older ones, etc. Never discard the only conducted research, as you might need it for future references or research. The Final Analysis, Presentation and Interpretation of Data The final analysis presentation of data for conclusion is the heart and soul of a research. It shows what your goals were and what you achieved through conducting the research. Thus, a professional looking, well-organized evaluation of the research should be presented to the companys employees and managers to improve the products and service of the organization (If the survey was conducted for the evaluation of the products and services of a company). Show brief information about what results you expected and what was the result that you found? If it was a performance evaluation research, make sure to label the good and the bad of the performance according to the research. If it was a program evaluation, then give a proper place to the peoples experience section and try to learn the common findings from the experience of people who took part in the research. After the complete interpretation of the collected data and information, a reporting result should be presented expressing concerns, recommendations and the association of different facts and figures that could help the cause of the survey. Conclusion: In this modern era, the need of carrying out a business research to sort out different problems which an organization may face as well as to determine the reliability and effectiveness of a particular project has become extremely vital. Business research, however, need to be carried out in an effective and efficient manner to draw accurate results. The most important part of the business research is the data collection. Primary data and secondary data are the two categories in which the data can be classified. For accurate results, it is requisite that both primary data and secondary data should be considered. Data can be collected through various ways such as interviews, surveys and questionnaires. Whatever the method of data collection is, it should be ensured that the results are drawn out after the careful analysis of all the available data.

Law and Ethics in Nursing :: Nursing Ethics Research Paper

In every nurse's career, he or she will face with legal and ethical dilemmas. One of the professional competencies for nursing states that nurses should "integrate knowledge of ethical and legal aspects of health care and professional values into nursing practice". It is important to know what types of dilemmas nurses may face during their careers and how they have been successfully dealt with in the past. It is also important for nurses to understand what malpractice is and how they may protect themselves from a malpractice lawsuit. LAW VS. ETHICS It is important to first understand the difference between law and ethics. Ethics examines the values and actions of people. Often times there is no one right course of action when one is faced with an ethical dilemma. On the other hand, laws are binding rules of conduct. When laws are broken, it is punishable by an authority figure. There are four types of situations that pertain to law vs. ethics. The first would be an action that is both legal and ethical. An example of this would be a nurse carrying out appropriate doctor's orders as ordered. A nurse may also be faced with an action that may be ethical but not legal, such as allowing a cancer patient to smoke marijuana for medicinal purposes. The opposite may arise where an action may be legal but not ethical. Finally, an action may be neither legal or ethical. For example, when a nurse makes a medication error and does not report it. ETHICAL DUTIES Nurses have many ethical duties to their clients. The main ethical duties are: nonmaleficence, beneficence, fidelity, veracity, and justice. The duty of nonmaleficence is the duty to do no harm. The nurse first needs to ask him or herself what harm is. When a nurse gives an injection she is causing the patient pain but she is also preventing additional harm such as disease development or prolonged pain. Therefore, the nurse must ask herself a second question about how much harm should be tolerated. The duty of beneficence is to do good. In a sense, it is at the opposite end of nonmaleficence or at the positive end of the nonmaleficence > beneficence continuum. The duty of fidelity means to be faithful, or to keep to your promises. Therefore, if a nurse tells his patient that he will

The Future of Print and Cyberculture Essay -- Writing Writers Technolo

The Future of Print and Cyberculture As our class learned from the last assignment in which we created a writing technology, the introduction of new technology can change the way that people operate on a day-to-day basis. Inventions like the automobile and the television, for example, have forever changed the culture in many countries. However, no invention has changed the world more than the computer. In fact it has been the computer that has made the most recent technological phenomenon, the Internet, possible. While the Internet has made obvious changes in the way people communicate, it has also changed how we perform other functions that are as fundamental to us as reading and writing. One of the issues the Internet and similar technologies have forced upon us is the switch from reading from textbooks to reading what is referred to as "hypertext" on the computer screen. Because the Internet has turned into such an extensive source of information, many people find themselves reading from the screen what they normally would have read from plain text in the past. Although this is a process that a lot of people are uncomfortable with, James Sosnoski, author of the essay Hyper-readers and their Reading Engines, believes that reading from computer screens will soon become commonplace. "Though I readily acknowledge that many persons do not like to read from their screens at this time, I assume that over a period of time, the practice will become so habitual that it will seem 'natural' - just as it now seems customary to use a computer rather than a typewriter," he said (404). Reading hypertext is different from the reading that we are accustomed to for a variety of reason s, one of which being that people tend to be more selec... ...de Web is a vast (hyper) text that we read with such increasing frequency that it has become increasingly difficult as the day wears on to dial up one’s account in order to access the Web because so many of its readers are already online," (401). Bringing publishing opportunities to the masses and having speed and convenience applied to written communication sure sounds like an enhancement to me. Works Cited: Landow, George. "Twenty Minutes into the Future, or How Are We Moving Beyond the Book?" Writing Material: Readings from Plato the Digital Age. New York: Longman, 2003. 214-226. Lesser, Wendy. "The Conversation." Writing Material: Readings from Plato the Digital Age. New York: Longman, 2003. 227-233. Sosnoski, James. "Hyper-readers and their Reading Engines." Writing Material: Readings from Plato the Digital Age. New York: Longman, 2003. 400-417

Truth Revealed in As I Lay Dying :: As I Lay Dying Essays

Truth Revealed in As I Lay Dying       Addie Bundren conjures up the central darkness derived from her death and directly or indirectly causes actions in which each Bundren character takes advantage of Addie. With the character's actions revolving around her death, William Faulkner's As I Lay Dying reveals the truth about the people who surround a person may take advantage of him or her.   The death of Addie Bundren shapes all of the character's actions in life including Addie's final request before her death.   Addie takes advantage of her death by using it for revenge and inflicting final pains upon some characters, while the other characters use her to get what they want for their personal needs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Addie causes all the painful actions around her family either directly or indirectly.   Addie is foremost the prominent abuser of her upcoming death in As I Lay Dying.   She predetermines her time to die, and she makes sure that the people in her family whom she dislikes must experience her wrath before she moves on to the next life.   "Addie is the one who is dying, but she makes revenges run throughout the family and extend beyond" (Wadlington 35). Inflicting pain mostly on Anse, Addie enjoys herself. Anse, a lazy man, is forced by his wife to take her to Jefferson to be buried as her final request.  Ã‚   Addie's revenge on Anse was payback for all the times when he just sat around while Addie, her children, and sometimes neighbors do all the hard work for him.   Also "Addie reacts to Anse's arid conventionality by having a clandestine affair with minister Whitfield" (Wadlington 31). Addie also indirectly hurts one of her favor ite sons, Cash.   Cash is hurt indirectly when he helps ! his kinfolk carry his mother's coffin to Jefferson, where along the path, he breaks his leg while crossing a flooded river.   Although Cash is one of Addie's favorites besides Jewel, Addie's cruel revenge carries over to Cash's broken leg, which later becomes infected.   Besides her indirect action on Cash's leg, Cash is the most favorite of Addie. As Wadlington states, "He is very much his mother's son in expressing his feelings through physical action rather than through words by building a coffin for the mother he loves" (Wadlington 41). Jewel, Addie's second favorite next to Cash, seems to be cursed by his callous mother.

Cost Volume Profit Analysis

THE USE OF COST-VOLUME-PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES PLC TABLE OF CONTENTS Title page Dedication Acknowledgement Abstract Table of contents CHAPTER ONE 1. INTRODUCTION OF â€Å"COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING† 1. 1Background of study 2. Statement of the problem 3. Objectives of the study 4. Significance of the study 5. Research Questions 6. Research Hypothesis 7. Scope and Limitation of the study 8. Definition of terms CHAPTER TWO 2. LITERATURE REVIEW OF â€Å"COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING† . 1An Overview of Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis 2. Cost-Volume-Profit Limitations 3. Break-Even Analysis A Traditional View of the Cost-Volume-Profit Relation 4. Graphical Approach to break-even Analysis 5. Formular method of finding break point 6. The multi- product cost-volume-profit analysis 7. Decision making function 8. Other tools for decision ma king and control CHAPTER THREE 3. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY OF â€Å"COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING† 3. 1Sources of data 2. Primary sources of data 1. Personal/Oral interview 2.Questionnaire method 3. Secondary sources of data 4. Population and sample size determination 5. Method of data collection 6. Method of validating the instrument 7. Method of data analysis CHAPTER FOUR 4. DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF â€Å"COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING† 4. 1Preliminary information 2. Data analysis 3. Testing and interpretation of hypothesis CHAPTER FIVE 5. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF â€Å"COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING† 5. 1Summary of findings 2. Conclusions . Recommendations Bibliography Questionnaire *** Read the following instructions carefully *** Our main website is www. careerslit. com and our official Phone n umbers are 08169533305, 08158646653, and 08126773402. Please take note of this website, our Phone numbers and email addresses. Print out these instructions if you will like to purchase Project materials from us. ********************************************** VIEW CHAPTER ONE BEFORE PAYMENT: If you are ready/willing to purchase this Project Materials from us (at the rate of N3000), you can view CHAPTER ONE free.We allow NEW VISITORS to view chapter one in order to prove to them that we are REAL and that the above material is AVAILABLE. ********************************************** HOW TO VIEW CHAPTER ONE FREE: To view CHAPTER ONE FREE, Send Your Project Topic, Email Address & Phone Number to our email ([email  protected] com) through your email. 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After Payment, send the following to our email ([email  protected] om): 1) Depositors Name 2) Teller Number 3) Bank Location 4) Amount Paid 5) Date of Payment 6) Phone Number 7) Project Topic 8) Email Address Please send the above (8) details to [email  protected] com through your email. YOU WILL RECEIVE THE COMPLETE MATERIAL(S) BEFORE 24HOURS AFTER PAYMENT (THE SAME DAY) THROUGH T HE EMAIL ADDRESS(ES) YOU PROVIDED ***GUARANTEED*** ********************************************** BEFORE PAYMENT, MAKE SURE YOUR TOPIC (OR RELATED TOPIC) IS ON THIS WEBSITE. PLEASE, DON’T PAY IF YOUR TOPIC IS NOT ON THIS WEBSITE. See www. careerslit. com for related topics.Please, make sure you send your payment details to us before 24 hour after payment. ********************************************** BANK ACCOUNTS To view our Bank Account details, visit our main website (www. careerslit. com) and click on Bank Account menu on top. 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Can I pay for a materials that is not on this website? – Ans 4= No. DON’T PAY if your topic is not on this website. 5) Question 5.Can I change case study of my topic? – Ans 5= Yes. If the material on this website is â€Å"a case study of Enugu†, you can change to â€Å"a case study of Lagos State†. 6) Question 6. How will I know if you have sent the material to my email? – Ans 6= After sending the materials to your email, we will send SMS to your pho ne number provided ********************************** Love your neighbour as yourself. Let Love Lead. Say no to cultism, bloodshed, Violence, bombing or terrorism. We are all Nigerians, One Nation and brothers. Peace be unto you. ********************************** Cost Volume Profit Analysis THE USE OF COST-VOLUME-PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES PLC TABLE OF CONTENTS Title page Dedication Acknowledgement Abstract Table of contents CHAPTER ONE 1. INTRODUCTION OF â€Å"COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING† 1. 1Background of study 2. Statement of the problem 3. Objectives of the study 4. Significance of the study 5. Research Questions 6. Research Hypothesis 7. Scope and Limitation of the study 8. Definition of terms CHAPTER TWO 2. LITERATURE REVIEW OF â€Å"COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING† . 1An Overview of Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis 2. Cost-Volume-Profit Limitations 3. Break-Even Analysis A Traditional View of the Cost-Volume-Profit Relation 4. Graphical Approach to break-even Analysis 5. Formular method of finding break point 6. The multi- product cost-volume-profit analysis 7. Decision making function 8. Other tools for decision ma king and control CHAPTER THREE 3. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY OF â€Å"COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING† 3. 1Sources of data 2. Primary sources of data 1. Personal/Oral interview 2.Questionnaire method 3. Secondary sources of data 4. Population and sample size determination 5. Method of data collection 6. Method of validating the instrument 7. Method of data analysis CHAPTER FOUR 4. DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF â€Å"COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING† 4. 1Preliminary information 2. Data analysis 3. Testing and interpretation of hypothesis CHAPTER FIVE 5. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF â€Å"COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR DECISION MAKING† 5. 1Summary of findings 2. Conclusions . Recommendations Bibliography Questionnaire *** Read the following instructions carefully *** Our main website is www. careerslit. com and our official Phone n umbers are 08169533305, 08158646653, and 08126773402. Please take note of this website, our Phone numbers and email addresses. Print out these instructions if you will like to purchase Project materials from us. ********************************************** VIEW CHAPTER ONE BEFORE PAYMENT: If you are ready/willing to purchase this Project Materials from us (at the rate of N3000), you can view CHAPTER ONE free.We allow NEW VISITORS to view chapter one in order to prove to them that we are REAL and that the above material is AVAILABLE. ********************************************** HOW TO VIEW CHAPTER ONE FREE: To view CHAPTER ONE FREE, Send Your Project Topic, Email Address & Phone Number to our email ([email  protected] com) through your email. After sending your Project Topic and Phone Number to our Email ([email  protected] com), check your Email immediately for link to FREE CHAPTER ONE. Send the email from your own email address, because you will receive the â€Å"chapter o ne link† immediately through the email you used to send the mail to us.If you have viewed chapter one free before, DON’T request for chapter one again, because our database will not give you access. Free Chapter One is for new visitors. ********************************************** HOW TO ORDER/PURCHASE COMPLETE MATERIALS To Purchase the above Complete Project Materials which include: Abstract, Proposal (where applicable), Table of Content, Literature Review, Chapter 1 to 5, References/Bibliography, Questionnaires, etc, follow the below instructions: Pay N3000 to any of our Bank Account. After Payment, send the following to our email ([email  protected] om): 1) Depositors Name 2) Teller Number 3) Bank Location 4) Amount Paid 5) Date of Payment 6) Phone Number 7) Project Topic 8) Email Address Please send the above (8) details to [email  protected] com through your email. YOU WILL RECEIVE THE COMPLETE MATERIAL(S) BEFORE 24HOURS AFTER PAYMENT (THE SAME DAY) THROUGH T HE EMAIL ADDRESS(ES) YOU PROVIDED ***GUARANTEED*** ********************************************** BEFORE PAYMENT, MAKE SURE YOUR TOPIC (OR RELATED TOPIC) IS ON THIS WEBSITE. PLEASE, DON’T PAY IF YOUR TOPIC IS NOT ON THIS WEBSITE. See www. careerslit. com for related topics.Please, make sure you send your payment details to us before 24 hour after payment. ********************************************** BANK ACCOUNTS To view our Bank Account details, visit our main website (www. careerslit. com) and click on Bank Account menu on top. OR Call/SMS: Careerslit. com manager (Emezue) – 08169533305, 08158646653 or 08126773402 to send Bank Account Information to your Phone. ********************************************** PARTNERSHIP After purchasing your own project materials from us, you can become our partner or representative in your school if you wish.Copy all our topics and give to your friends. Then buy their materials from us at a reduced price and resale to your friends. If you want to be our partner, please contact us through 08169533305, 08158646653 or 08126773402 ********************************************** TERMS OF USE/AGREEMENT Please, DO NOT COPY any of the materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. The materials are to assist or direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING and we are not part of it.IF YOU MUST COPY WORD-TO-WORD, PLEASE DO NOT ORDER/BUY this material. That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word. ********************************************** DO US A FAVOUR Please, after purchasing your own project materials from us, tell your friends about us. Please, show your friends or love ones the materials you purchased from us. ********************************************** FOR INQUIRIES For more enquiries, call: 08169533305 (mtn) 08158646653 (glo) 08126773402(Airtel) Operation Days: Monday to Saturday Operation Time: 8am to 8pm ********************************************* FREQUENTLY ASK QUESTIONS (FAQ) 1) Question 1. How much is your materials? – Ans 1= N3000 2) Question 2. How will I see your account information? – Ans 2= Visit www. careerslit. com and click on Bank Account button or call any of the above phone numbers. 3) Question 3. How long does it take to send the materials to my email? – Ans 3= Before 24 hours (the same day) 4) Question 4. Can I pay for a materials that is not on this website? – Ans 4= No. DON’T PAY if your topic is not on this website. 5) Question 5.Can I change case study of my topic? – Ans 5= Yes. If the material on this website is â€Å"a case study of Enugu†, you can change to â€Å"a case study of Lagos State†. 6) Question 6. How will I know if you have sent the material to my email? – Ans 6= After sending the materials to your email, we will send SMS to your pho ne number provided ********************************** Love your neighbour as yourself. Let Love Lead. Say no to cultism, bloodshed, Violence, bombing or terrorism. We are all Nigerians, One Nation and brothers. Peace be unto you. **********************************

Motivation in the Workplace at SAS Institute Essay

When it tote up knocked show up(p)s to motivating in the lickplace, SAS contri neverthelesse seems to flip it masters. No one wants to stimulate to calculate every(prenominal) day and go by cartridge holder a focus from their families all the eon on a daily basis, but something makes us do this each and every day that we go to reverse. Work motivation is the factor that makes behave the way we do in value to dumbfound up and go to conk every day. It determines the train of effort we argon going to throw off into our organise and our air ab forbidden twist (George & Jones, 2012). A conjunctions well-nigh valuable asset is its germinal non bad(p) and it takes a unique social club to specify outside the box to find creative slipway to motivate those creative employees.SAS bring has developed a solid employee focus plan that has sustained their cogitation deplume and has continued to make it grow stronger. The comp either has been ranked the 6th in the best(p) Companies to Work For by Fortune clip for several stratums in a row and calling SAS be the immediate thing to a workers utopia in America (Harvey, 2000). So what makes this alliance so great with their employee wishment? SAS Institute creates an environment where employees stomach development recent and innovative harvest-times, they have a execution based reward system that includes not only financial benefits but boilers suit benefits to health as well, and they establishing their strong core out determine to their employees.INTRINSIC motivation fit to the text, intrinsic motivation is the kind of behavior that people have when they enjoy what they do and put in the extra time and effort on their profess without some(prenominal) incentive early(a) than the sense of compass and achievement (George & Jones, 2012). SAS Institute prides itself on the many another(prenominal) another(prenominal) ways that it inspires employees to want to work effortful and make those kinds of achievements. The participations values are employee-centered and from all the seek over the years, that philosophy has believed to have workedfor them and others who are head start to copy their methods. They make the work provoke by provides ways for their programmers to create their aver products. Instead of acquiring other companies that force have a particular product already created, they invest in the research and development that it would take for their employees to create those products. This keeps the employees evoke in their work and keeps things challenging for them.SAS invests 20 percent of their revenue each year into research and development (George & Jones, 2012). By apply this investment, SAS believes and has proven they can diminish the possibly of economic downturns that most technology companies pay off (George & Jones, 2012). It is up to the managers to keep the employees motivated in their creativity. SAS has created ways of moti vation that exceed currency or fear of cosmos reprimanded (Hall, 2014). Everyone that deeds at SAS is treated the kindred no matter what. From the head of the friendship to the person that takes out the trash, all employees get the same benefits. They also eliminate the need for a hierarchy structure in order to make things work within an organization. Because of this level of motivation, SAS Institutes turnover appreciate is one of the lowest in the country.This creates a cost savings of an estimated $85 one thousand million a year (Hall, 2014). The company believes in an open door policy that gives their employees the freedom to give management feedback and have the company response in a demonstrable way to that feedback. Basically, SAS allows their work force to manage their selves. They realize that allowing people to create their own schedule opens up the doors for their creativity to flow. SASs theory of performance is about natural endowment the people the tools th ey need to get the mull done and then get out of the way. SAS also encourages employees to change jobs within the company to broaden their horizons by providing different types of formulation and positive reinforcement from management.EXTRINSIC MOTIVATIONExtrinsic motivation is motivation that is performed by providing material or social rewards or a reason to avoid being punished (George & Jones, 2012). SAS Institute goes to great lengths to passport their employees the best thereis in benefits. Their vision is the a good deal a company can maximize their employees creative ability, the much those employees willing produce not just legal work but great work. SAS provides their work force with a flexible work program that allows them to be able to come up with creative and innovative ideas any time whether it is on their 9 to 5 schedule or any other time. This allows employees to feel free to be more creative because they are not hold to a conventional way of cerebration of ideas only happen during work hours. The company understands that employees need time for their families and time to relax. So, SAS provides their campuses with several(prenominal) private offices, child care centers, spend camps, health care physicians on site, seaworthiness and recreation center, and access to all kinds of service that the employee would have to go to outside of work (George & Jones, 2012).The company is rich with resources for their work force. Employees are not hassled about needing specific tools in order to make their job more conductive. They also provide free food in their cafeterias. SAS even stocks all their hand rooms with large canisters of M&Ms for everyone (Harvey, 2000). So, why does SAS do so much for their employees? A major of an average employees life is spent at work, so wouldnt it be a erupt environment that would make you want to come to day in and day out if it was centered on combining denture life with office life.This is what SAS h as create, a work environment that surrounds their work force with the solace of home at work. They discourage functional more than 35 hours a week (Harvey, 2000). People want to work for a company that cares about them and where they want to go in their careers. SAS doesnt just judge they are going to do these things they show people and in return their work force performs to their peak potential which in turn creates huge profit for the company. windupSAS Institute is one of those companies that embrace the novel age of workers and understands that sometimes that conventional ways of doing things might not be a good fit for todays technology saavy workers. In order to get the most out of their creative work force, they try to nurture as many of their needs as possible and have been very successful at it.By providing their employees with their physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, appreciationmotivators, and self actualization, they have created a work utopia (Har vey, 2000).They SAS uses intrinsic motivation more than unessential motivation which is a different way of getting the most performance out of a work force and in turn create maximum productivity and loyalty to the company. Employees are more quelled with their contributions and want to work hard at their jobs.REFERENCESHarvey, F. (2000, Jul 26). Of chocolates and profit sharing MANAGEMENT EMPLOYEE PERKS In an industry where staff loyalty is a rare commodity, SAS institute holds on to its programmers. fiona harvey. _Financial Times_ Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/248916235?accountid=458.Hall, T. (2014, Jun 09). Managing and actuate Creative Employees. _Workplace 101 A Profiles world-wide Business Blog._ Retrieved from http//info.profilesinternational.com/profiles-employee-assessment-blog/bid/206603/Managing-and-Motivating-Creative-Employees